Oral and Periodontal Manifestations in Bidri Workers from Bidar, Karnataka, India: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction:The master craftsmanship of Bidriware handicraft from Bidar, Karnataka is a type of encrusted metal ware. All Bidri workers share a common cultural background or descent. They use a simple and handmade tool for working, and may be exposed to various metals such as copper, silver, lead, and trace elements. Thus, the aim of the study was to access the oral and periodontal manifestations in artisans. Methodology: A total of eighty patients participated in this study. The oral hygiene index, plaque index, gingival index, Russell's periodontal index, oral habits, and wasting diseases of teeth were assessed by single group of examiners. Results: Out of the total participants, 35% had poor oral hygiene, 94% were diagnosed with moderate to severe chronic generalized gingivitis, 31% showed moderate to severe chronic generalized periodontitis, 54% were associated with tobacco consumption in the form of smoking, about 22% had history of 'paan' chewing and 'gutkha' chewing. About 36% and 59% of participants had attrition and abrasion, respectively. Conclusion:The survey among Bidri workers revealed poor oral hygiene status, they had ill-informed oral hygiene practices and most of them were suffering from periodontal disease.