State Estimation of Radial Distribution Systems Based on Multiple Legendre Neural Networks

The conventional weighted least square (WLS) method is the most effective technique used in the state estimation of high voltage transmission system. Unfortunately, the application of WLS in radial distribution network encounter difficulties due to the inherent characteristics of these systems, such as the low measurement redundancy and high r/x ratio of the distribution systems. Given the structure of bulky systems that require a bulky number of measurements, the use of artificial neural networks is considered an effective alternative to estimate these values using a lesser number of measurements than conventional techniques. Due to state estimation based on ANN technique, the time-consuming gain matrix manipulation and pseudo measurements required in the conventional WLS method are no longer necessary. The efficiency of deep learning neural networks such as multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and Legendre neural network (LeNN) depends on the position of the measurements and the number of neural networks applied. Determining the applicable number of neural networks to ensure high estimation accuracy plays an important role in the estimation process. This aspect is addressed in this study, where multiple neural networks are used to improve performance compared to a single neural network. The results obtained indicate that determining the applicable number of neural networks depends on several factors such as the position of the measurements and the diversity of the data. The application of LeNN on state estimation of a 69-bus radial distribution network is used as an illustrative example to explain the distinctive feature of the proposed technique.