Navigating the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic: unpacking food insecurity, coping strategies, and associated factors among informal workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

The COVID-19 pandemic, a significant and potentially catastrophic biological threat, has triggered systemic breakdowns. This study investigates the post-pandemic landscape, focusing on food security and coping strategies among informal workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Our study used a mixed explanatory research design, incorporating the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HAFIAS), Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS), and the Reduced Coping Strategy Index (rCSI) for assessment. Among 347 participants, only 16.1% achieved food security, with the majority (83.9%) experiencing food insecurity. This insecurity was categorized as mild for 22.3%, moderate for 56.4%, and severe for 21.3%. Coping strategies included reducing meal sizes, decreasing daily meals, and opting for more affordable, less-preferred foods. Socio-economic and demographic factors, along with adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures, influenced food security, dietary diversity, and coping strategies. Financial strain exacerbated food insecurity, while age and household size played pivotal roles in determining food security. Adherence to preventive measures increased the likelihood of adopting adaptive coping strategies, revealing the interconnectedness of public health and food security. The qualitative analysis highlighted significant disruptions in livelihoods and food systems due to the pandemic, underscoring the necessity for targeted support and policy interventions to bolster food security within the informal sector. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic presents a critical challenge to food security among informal workers in Addis Ababa, necessitating adaptive coping strategies and targeted interventions. This research not only emphasizes the urgency of comprehending these dynamics but also provides practical insights for well-informed decision-making in post-pandemic recovery endeavors.