Legal Governance of Human Gene Editing Technology: From Single Governance to Multiple Governance

Human gene editing is a technology to accurately modify the human genome or transcription products. There are technical uncertainties in the practical application process, and it also brings ethical issues such as human subjectivity, autonomy, equality, and genetic determinism. Therefore, careful attention needs to be paid to the legal governance of this technology. In terms of specific governance measures, it is crucial to strictly distinguish between different types of gene editing behavior and establish a classified management mechanism. Somatic gene editing behavior should generally be allowed, subject to appropriate regulatory oversight. Germline gene editing should be opposed in principle and allowed only under exceptional circumstances. In addition, harnessing social forces and strengthening international cooperation are essential prerequisites for achieving effective governance of human gene editing technology.