Olive Oil's protective potential against cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino rats

Background: Cyclophosphamide is a widely used chemotherapy drug, known for its cytotoxic and mutagenic effects on mammalian tissues and cells. Olive oil, rich in antioxidants, has potential protective effects against drug-induced organ damage. This study investigates the protective role of olive oil against cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in mice. Objective: To evaluate the protective effects of olive oil against cyclophosphamide-induced kidney toxicity in rats. Material and Method: Male albino mice (n=9) were divided into three groups: Control, Cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg), and Cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg) + Olive Oil (200 mg/kg). After one week of treatment, kidney tissues were collected and stained with hematoxylin and Eosin for histopathological analysis. Results: The administration of olive oil led to a significant decrease in cellular damage of the kidney tissue. In this study the histopathological examination revealed marked improvement in kidney tissue architecture, with reduced cellular damage, inflammation, and fibrosis compared to the group treated with cyclophosphamide alone. These findings suggest that olive oil has a protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in mice. Conclusion: Cyclophosphamide caused significant histopathological damage to kidney tissues in mice. Co-administration of olive oil mitigated these adverse effects, likely due to its antioxidant properties. This suggests that olive oil may serve as a protective adjunct in cyclophosphamide chemotherapy.