Investigating high altitude platform stations communication in Tanzania under heavy rain conditions

Abstract High altitude platform station (HAPS) is one of the promising solutions to many of the developing and less developed countries. To a great extent, HAPS is relatively cost‐effective and can be easily moved on demand while observing the required quality of service. For tropical countries, rain attenuation is the main factor that affects HAPS performance. This study investigated HAPS performance in Tanzania under heavy rain conditions. Rain rate, rain attenuation, and carrier‐to‐noise ratio were used to quantify the system's performance. In this study, the rain rate exceeds by 0.01% of an average, was obtained using the Chebil model. Based on Tanzania Meteorological Agency data, the registered a high amount of rainfall for the five selected regions: Dar es Salaam, Kagera, Tanga, Unguja, and Pemba. By using ITU‐R model, rain attenuation for the downlink was predicted, assuming horizontal polarisation, for 31.0–31.3 GHz. Finally, the HAPS link budget was analysed with a platform altitude of 22 km at frequency of 31.0–31.3 GHz for different elevation angles. Results showed that the performance of the system was promising in the given rainfall scenarios.