Static Correction of Passive-Source Seismic Reflection Exploration on Undulating Surfaces

Elevation static correction is an important step in seismic data processing used to eliminate distortions in events caused by surface fluctuations. There is a well-established processing sequence for active-source seismic data, with static correction applied first, followed by subsequent processing. For passive-source data, static correction can be carried out using two methods. The first method is similar to the static correction of active-source seismic data and involves performing static correction on virtual shot gathers. The second method involves directly applying static correction to ambient noise and then using the corrected ambient noise to retrieve the virtual shot gathers. In this study, we derived and compared these two methods to perform static correction on passive-source data. We compared the above two methods through the forward modeling of passive-source data and field data from the Daqiao Gold Mine. The results showed that applying static correction to ambient noise and virtual shot gathers can correct passive-source data from an undulating surface to a flat surface. The equivalence of static correction on virtual shot gathers, and ambient noise offers more choices for conducting static correction of passive-source seismic reflection exploration on undulating surfaces.