Research of methods and modern technical solutions for cleaning aerosol emissions from industry

The analysis and characterization of aerosol emissions into the atmosphere are given, the ways of formation of primary and secondary aerosols are considered. The process of atmospheric aging of aerosols, which has a negative impact on the environment, is considered. The functional links between aerosol emissions, their source and impact on climate and public health are presented. The possible influence of the reactions of liquid and solid aerosol particles on the properties of atmospheric air is considered. The main methods of purification of industrial aerosol emissions are considered: adsorption purification, thermal and catalytic neutralization, chemisorption and absorption purification. The ways of increasing the efficiency of adsorption processes, for example, the separation of adsorbent in the apparatus, are analyzed. The essence of the process of thermal neutralization of gas mixtures is described, it is established that thermal installations based on the direct combustion method work more efficiently when combining thermal and catalytic neutralization methods, designs of combined equipment are presented, and ways to increase the intensity of the apparatus are considered. The process of gas purification based on the absorption process is considered. It is determined that absorption plants for cleaning gases from harmful components are the most effective and efficient due to the high level of technical implementation of the process. The development and improvement of the main absorber equipment is aimed at achieving maximum cleaning efficiency with an optimal pressure drop that determines energy consumption. The analysis shows the negative impact of natural and anthropogenic aerosols on the environment. In order to correctly solve the problem, information on the sources, composition and properties of aerosols is needed to select the most effective and economically profitable cleaning method, which will help reduce the anthropogenic load on the atmosphere.