Serum Magnesium level with SOFA score in predicting the Prognosis among Acute Coronary Syndrome patients and its associated complications in tertiary care centre

Introduction: Magnesium is an essential element in functioning human body. Low magnesium is associated with membrane destabilization, whereas high concentrations are membrane stabilizing and therefore, antiarrhythmic. Acute coronary syndrome comprises of ST segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST segment elevated myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina where the blood flow to the heart is decreased. Magnesium plays important role in Sepsis and attributed to its effects on Immune System. Hypomagnesemia is commonly observed in patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit Aim: To find the prevalence of Serum Magnesium levels with SOFA score in assessing the prognosis in Acute Coronary Syndrome patients and its associated complications. Methodology: This is hospital-based cross-sectional study. The sample size was calculated to be 77. All patients of age more than 18 years who are diagnosed to have Acute Coronary Syndromes were included in this study after screening for the exclusion criteria. After written consent, all patients were subjected into study. Clinical presentation and demographic profile and lab parameters were assessed. Results: In this study of 77 patients the mean age was 60 ± 10.8; age group between 51-70 had highest proportion of 57%. About 71.40% are male, while 29% are female. Chest pain observed in 100% of patients while palpitation seen in 98.7%. Highest proportion of comorbidity seen in Type 2 Diabetes 90%, followed by Systemic Hypertension at 64%. The majority of patients across most variables fall into the Normomagnesemia category. The differences in distribution of age, gender, comorbidities, Troponin I status, and ECG changes & SOFA score across the magnesium levels categories are not statistically significant, as indicated by the P values being greater than 0.05. These patients did not develop any arrhythmic complications. Conclusion: This study showed no significant relationship between the Serum Magnesium and SOFA score and good prognosis among patients with acute coronary syndrome. However, further studies are required to increase the understanding of the association between Serum Magnesium and SOFA score in various study settings to diagnose the patient earlier and take necessary preventive measures and treatment to prevent the occurrence of complications. Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome, Serum Magnesium, SOFA score, Normomagnesemia