Assessment of Maxillofacial Trauma Due to Road Traffic Accidents in an Insecure Environment at Sominé Dolo Hospital in Mopti (Mali) from 2019-2023

Introduction: Maxillofacial trauma represents a social issue that continues to grow. According to WHO, 1.2 million people lose their lives each year on the road, or more than 3,000 deaths per day. The aim of this study is to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of maxillofacial trauma related to road accidents at Sominé Dolo Hospital in Mopti. Patients and Method: From 2019 to 2023, we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective collection on cases of maxillofacial trauma due to road traffic accidents at Sominé Dolo hospital in Mopti. Results: The frequency was 85.59%, the age was 28.37 years and a sex ratio of 5. The Bandiagara region represented 34.6% and that of Mopti 49.76%. 2-wheeled vehicles accounted for 60%. Open fractures accounted for 67.8%, located at the mandibular level 40.10%. Contention associated with osteosynthesis was performed in 49.1%. Discussion: In our study, the hospital frequency of maxillofacial trauma following a road traffic accident is 85.60%. This high frequency in our country could be explained by the non-compliance with the highway code, the poor condition of the roads, the multiplication of means of transport and the security situation. Conclusion: The increasing frequency of maxillofacial trauma over the years is a reality in Mopti (Mali) and poses a public health problem. Only early appropriate treatment and peace can minimize the sometimes serious and difficult to correct after-effects.