State of Charge Estimation of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicle Application Using Gaussian Process Regression Approach

For the purpose of ensuring a secure, dependable and affordable performancealong with clean energy in electric vehicles, the estimation of the precise state of charge of LIB is very important. In this article, Gaussian Process Regression with different kernel functions-based SOC prediction is proposed and their performance with good health and well-beingare evaluated and analyzed. A useful benefit of employing GPR is the ability to quantify and estimate uncertainties, allowing for the evaluation of the SOC estimate's dependability. The kernel function serves as a crucial hyperparameter that improves GPR performance. GPR considers the temperature and voltage of the battery, which are independent of one another, as their respective input parametersthat relates Industry, innovation and infrastructure where target-dependent variable is battery SOC. Initially, the training process involves determining the ideal hyperparameters of a kernel function to accurately represent the characteristics of the data. The accuracy of predicting SOC of the battery is evaluated using test data. According to the simulation outcomes, the squared exponential kernel function-based GPR estimates SOC with high accuracy and lower RMSE and MAE which ensures energy efficiency and quality education.