Analysing the Impact of Extended Continental Shelf on the Establishment of Marine Protected Areas within Areas beyond National Jurisdiction

The Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) treaty aims to enhance the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity within areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ). Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are identified as a crucial tool under area-based management measures within this framework. However, the establishment of MPAs in ABNJ may face challenges due to the presence of extended continental shelves (ECS). This paper explores two primary issues: the overlap of ECS claims and the interaction between the water column and the ocean floor in ECS areas. It aims to analyse how these factors might affect MPA establishment under the BBNJ treaty.