Deep Learning with Crested Porcupine Optimizer for Detection and Classification of Paddy Leaf Diseases for Sustainable Agriculture

India has a vast number of inhabitants and the main food source distribution is from agriculture. Agricultural lands are being demolished generally owing to plant and crop illnesses. The detection of plant diseases by using image processing models can aid agriculturalists in defending the farming area from damaging or affecting it. Paddy is the main harvest worldwide. Early recognition of the paddy diseases at dissimilar phases of development is very vital in paddy production. However, the present manual technique in identifying and classifying paddy diseases needs a very educated farmer and is time-consuming. Deep learning (DL) is an effectual research area in the classification of agriculture patterns where it can efficiently solve the problems of diseases identification. Therefore, the articles focus on the design and expansion of Deep Learning based Crested Porcupine Optimizer for the Detection and Classification of Paddy Leaf Diseases (DLCPO-DCPLD) method for Sustainable Agriculture. The main aim of the DLCPO-DCPLD method use DL method for the recognition and identification of rice plant leaf diseases. To accomplish this, the DLCPO-DCPLD technique performs the image pre-processing using Median Filtering (MF) to recover the excellence of the input frames. Next, the ConvNeXt-L method is applied for extraction of feature vectors from the pre-processed images. Also, the Conditional Variational Autoencoder (CVAE) model is utilized for the automated classification of Paddy Leaf diseases. Eventually, the hyperparameter tuning of the CVAE technique is accomplished by implementing the Crested Porcupine Optimizer (CPO) technique. To safeguard the enhanced predictive results of the DLCPO-DCPLD method, a sequence of experimentations is implemented on the benchmark dataset. The experimental validation of the DLCPO-DCPLD method portrayed a superior accuracy value of 99.12% over existing approaches.