Implementation of quality by design and green chemistry principles to validate the stability indicating method on UHPLC for the simultaneous quantification of Glycopyrronium, Fluticasone, Vilanterol in inhaled formulation

• The analytical method is shown to be robust with the statistical determination of p value is <0.05% • The method consumes lesser mobile phase and diluent and elutes the analyte peaks with in 20 minutes of run time. • With the simple isocratic and sample preparation the 3 analytes are shown good resolution between the analytes. • The analytical method was assessed with the GAC tools includes AGREE, GAPI and Eco-Scale tools, shown the method is environmentally friendly. • The analytical method was found specific, precise and accurate through validation per ICH Q2(R1) guidelines. The combination of Glycopyrronium, Fluticasone, and Vilanterol is utilized to manage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and mitigate asthma symptoms. Glycopyrronium functions as an anticholinergic compound, Fluticasone serves as a corticosteroid that mitigates inflammation, and Vilanterol operates as a long-acting beta-agonist that facilitates the relaxation of the bronchial passages. The simultaneous quantification of Glycopyrronium, Vilanterol, and Fluticasone was accomplished through the utilization of Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) employing a Symmetry Shield C18 column (4.6 mm x 100 mm ID, 2.6µm particle size), with a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min, and a gradient elution employing pH 3.0 Ammonium Formate as mobile phase A and ethanol as mobile phase B. By the guidelines delineated by the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q2, method validation encompassed specificity (with the purity angle for the three chromatographic peaks exceeding the purity threshold under all degradation conditions), linearity (exhibiting an R² value greater than 0.999 from the lower limit of quantification to 200%), accuracy (with recovery rates ranging from 95% to 105%), robustness (the influence of variations in mobile phase buffer pH, column temperature, and flow rate was scrutinized utilizing Analytical Quality by Design principles), and assessments of method precision. The Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), Analytical Greenness (AGREE), and analytical eco-scale evaluations substantiated the method's advantageous characteristics regarding environmental sustainability.