An ecological dilemma, novel sustainable ideas for Istanbul examining zoning regulation for green-areas and housing

Abstract This research delves into the evolution of Istanbul’s urban agenda, which has become increasingly intricate due to recent challenges. The city's planning paradigm has undergone a discernible shift, with heightened attention concerns like seismic resilience, sustainability, and the climate-change. The planning projections for the city have experienced significant changes, by the earthquakes 1999 and 2023, climate-change, and the pandemic in 2020. Although the pandemic is considered temporary, it has significant in bringing sustainable matters like living airier, greener areas, back to the city planning. In response to the latest challenges, particularly the earthquake, the city confronted an ecological dilemma, prompting proposal to relocate new housing areas to the Northern-forest. The city's northern development axis, planned a century ago by the French architect-urbanist Henri Prost, is being questioned today end to its limits for green-areas. Based on ongoing global discussion, on academical circles on the imperative, the historic city of Istanbul grapples with the contemporary problems sustainability and seismic considerations in its future planning endeavors. This study engages in discursive analyses while concurrently offering practical recommendations to address sustainability through the development of specific zoning arrangements focuses on dual research axis urban-based, and housing-based, laws, and regulations, also housing model, and typologies as missing part of the previous research. This study principally examines this problematic via zoning practices of Istanbul in the Henri Prost period from housing areas to the housing models and typologies. Also, globally, along with the new zoning, the old zoning laws, and regulations can be bring the agenda again in the context of sustainability to promote a balanced relationship between human, nature and sustainability goals. In conclusion, amid the recent challenges in the city, innovative suggestions for advanced zoning applications in pursuit of sustainability reveal a notable gap in the protection of green-areas, planning new settlements. Henri Prost’s master plans stand out for employing distinctive zoning techniques for each district, also offering specific housing models and typologies. Extending this methodology to green-areas presents a bridge the existing void. By presented potential case scenarios at the end of the study emphasizing the merits of integrating historical zoning practices into contemporary planning, it aims to stimulate discussions on holistic and forward-looking urban development strategies.