Improving Exports and Imports between Mongolia and China

This study analyzed using time series data from 2005 to 2023, using variables such as gross domestic product, export volume index, export unit price index, import volume index, foreign direct investment, and exchange rate, which have a major impact on improving imports and exports between Mongolia and China. In the analysis, unit root and cointegration tests were performed, and empirical analysis results were derived using the Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR). The analysis results show that China's economic growth and import volume index, China's investment in Mongolia, and the exchange rate positively affected Mongolia's export growth. In model (2), variables such as the import volume index, Mongolia's GDP, import unit index, and exchange rate were calculated as determining factors. Based on these empirical results, various strategies are needed for Mongolia to reduce its economic dependence on China and build a more balanced and sustainable economic relationship, such as export diversification and diplomatic efforts, to improve exports and imports between the two countries.