Investigation of the Effects of Rutin on Sodium Valproate-Induced Lung Damage in Rats

Sodium valproate (SVP) is a drug widely used in epilepsy, migraine, and bipolar disorders. In addition to its therapeutic properties, it has toxic effects on many organs in high doses and prolonged intake. Rutin flavonoid derivative is a natural antioxidant and has been successfully used in many toxications. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of rutin on SVP-induced lung injury. The study consisted of 5 groups as control (n=7), Rutin (n=7), SVP (n=7), SVP+Rutin 50 (n=7), and SVP+Rutin 100 (n=7) and the treatments continued orally for 14 days. At the end of the study, lung tissue was obtained and oxidative stress (MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx, Nrf-2, HO-1), endoplasmic reticulum stress (ATF-6, PERK), inflammation (NF-ĸB, TNF-α), apoptosis (Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3) and autophagy (Beclin-1) parameters were analyzed. The data obtained showed that SVP weakened the defense system by decreasing antioxidant enzyme activities and increased lipid peroxidation, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy, leading to increased cell damage. It was determined that SVP and rutin 50 and rutin 100 doses strengthened the antioxidant defense system, suppressed lipid peroxidation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy, and were effective in protecting the cell from damage. As a result, it was determined that rutin use was beneficial against SVP-induced lung injury.