The Therapeutic Potential of HMs in Acute Gouty Arthritis Through Immune Regulation

Acute gouty arthritis (AGA) is marked by a swift inflammatory response triggered by the accumulation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals around the joints, often linked to hyperuricemia (HUA).Traditional approaches in AGA management usually prove inadequate, prompting a recent focus on the potential of herbal medicines (HMs) for AGA treatment.This review aims to outline the pharmacological mechanisms of HMs in treating AGA, exploring their active components, extracts, and prescriptions, and discussing relevant molecular targets extensively.Scientific publications on anti-AGA HMs were gathered from diverse journals and databases like PubMed, Elsevier, and Google Scholar.The review identified numerous therapeutic targets for AGA treated by HMs through in vitro and in vivo studies.HMs and their active ingredients were found to alleviate AGA symptoms by influencing various immune cell targets.The study revealed that HMs have multiple therapeutic targets that effectively address AGA symptoms through in vitro and in vivo studies.The review systematically categorized the anti-AGA properties of HMs, highlighting phenolic, flavonoid, terpenoid, and alkaloid compounds as key ingredients for AGA improvement.HMs and their active ingredients are shown to enhance efficacy by interacting with multiple targets, with NLRP3 being a primary therapeutic focus.Further research is needed to fully understand how HMs alleviate AGA due to the complex nature of HMs.