MAIN CROPS ON ZONAL SOILS AND PECULIARITIES OF THEIR CULTIVATION

The article deals with the problem of developing solonetz lands for sown hayfields and pastures. It is emphasized that special attention should be paid to the natural conditions of their formation, which determine the possibility of reclamation development of solonetz lands. When choosing a method of reclamation of solonetz areas it is necessary to take into account not only natural conditions of their formation, but also properties and structure of solonets. This allows to judge about the degree of pliability to their improvement. The object of research was the experimental-production field "Sorgo", 297 ha, Svetloyarsky district, Lugovoy settlement. On solonetz soils it is especially important to select drought-resistant and salt-tolerant crops, which are characterized by unpretentiousness to soils, productive longevity, good yield and eatability. Well-established and proven by wide practice crops for development of solonets: two-year crops - white and yellow melilot, annual crops - barley, winter rye, Sudanka, perennial crops - honeysuckle and yellow alfalfa. Alfalfa helps to improve the physical properties of the soil, improves soil structure due to its powerful root system. It can draw moisture from 2-3 meters. Mustard has strong salt tolerance. To obtain high yields of fodder crops on saline soils, these soils should be pre-cultivated.