GIS Applications in Land Management: Enhancing Flood Risk Assessment and Village Replanning

Rapid urbanization and population expansion pose challenges for effective land management and urban development. In this context, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become indispensable, offering advanced tools for spatial analysis. This study investigates the diverse applications of GIS in village replanning and urban development, tackling insights from extensive scholarly research. A case study in Al Muqrin, Sudan, illustrates the efficiency of GIS in village replanning and flood risk assessment, highlighting the significance of data integration in informed decision-making. The study area is situated within Atbara town, in the Nile River state of Sudan. The city climate is characterized as semi-arid, and it serves as a significant agricultural and industrial epicenter. The coordinates of study area are approximately 17° 40' 33.6" N latitude and 34° 00' 42.6" E longitude. The mean parcel area before and after the removal procedure was calculated to be 6.69 and 6.73448, respectively. Moreover, the mean slope values for individual blocks ranged from 0.57 to 9.96, indicating predominantly flat or gently sloping topography. The analysis undertaken in this investigation unveils that every parcel situated within the study vicinity manifests a notable propensity towards flooding, as evidenced by each parcel being designated a flood risk rating of 10 on a scale spanning from 0 to 10. This evaluation was predicated upon merging diverse datasets, encompassing rainfall, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), slope, and stream data, employing a weighted methodology. The resultant flood risk map offers an extensive delineation of flood-vulnerable regions, accentuating the imperative nature of implementing preemptive flood risk mitigation strategies.