Characterizations and practical applications of off-feet conditioning interval training in open skill sports

The high intensity of training to improve performance in open skill sports such as team invasion and combat sports can have potential negative effects. As a result non-specific forms of training collectively called Off-Feet Conditioning (OFC) have been used to mitigate the possible impact of training. This study conducted a survey of active practitioners in open skill sports into the use of OFC. There were 158 respondents from 16 countries, with an average experience of 11.5 ± 7.6 y experience working with open skill sports. Questions were divided into five categories: responder information implementation, perceived effectiveness, equipment selection and an applicable definition of OFC. A high percentage of respondents employ OFC methods in their typical training programs in conjunction with traditional run-based training. Typically respondents used OFC methods twice per week. While OFC is most commonly used for aerobic development, research suggests that OFC may also be used to improve other areas of physical performance. Short-interval training (15–60 s) are most frequently prescribed method of OFC and is typically used to target aerobic adaptations. Electronic ergometers, or “cardio equipment” were the most commonly used category of equipment, with cycle ergometers were the most commonly used form of OFC. Based on survey responses, we propose that OFC can be defined as “any non-running or non-impact training designed to reduce load and improve physical performance”. This definition will differentiate OFC from the broader term “cross-training” which may include skill and tactical transfer from one sport to another.