Virtual Reality as an Innovative Tool for Eating Disorders   Psychological Treatment

Background This review aims to examine scientific evidence, therapeutic approaches, and outcomes achieved through the use of Virtual Reality (VR) in the context of Eating Disorders. Method We conducted a systematic search (PRISMA) and selected articles published in databases such as PubMed, Health and Medical Collection, and Science Direct Elsevier Journal. Results Numerous pieces of evidence demonstrate that VR is a valuable tool in treating anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Additionally, it proves effective in addressing components of Eating Disorders (EDs), such as attentional bias related to body image and Body Image Disturbance. Specifically, the following treatments have emerged: VR Cue Exposure, Body Swapping, AB Modification Training via VR, and repeated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation combined with VR. Virtual environments and embodiment in virtual bodies also allow for the assessment of variables related to EDs. Conclusion This review highlights how VR, with its specific characteristics, serves as an excellent ally to enhance both assessment and treatment for EDs. Future research should focus on filling existing gaps and delving into aspects not yet explored. One potential development could involve creating guidelines for VR use in EDs.