Transition Metal Dichalcogenides in Electrocatalytic Water Splitting

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), also known as MX2, have attracted considerable attention due to their structure analogous to graphene and unique properties. With superior electronic characteristics, tunable bandgaps, and an ultra-thin two-dimensional structure, they are positioned as significant contenders in advancing electrocatalytic technologies. This article provides a comprehensive review of the research progress of two-dimensional TMDs in the field of electrocatalytic water splitting. Based on their fundamental properties and the principles of electrocatalysis, strategies to enhance their electrocatalytic performance through layer control, doping, and interface engineering are discussed in detail. Specifically, this review delves into the basic structure, properties, reaction mechanisms, and measures to improve the catalytic performance of TMDs in electrocatalytic water splitting, including the creation of more active sites, doping, phase engineering, and the construction of heterojunctions. Research in these areas can provide a deeper understanding and guidance for the application of TMDs in the field of electrocatalytic water splitting, thereby promoting the development of related technologies and contributing to the solution of energy and environmental problems. TMDs hold great potential in electrocatalytic water splitting, and future research needs to further explore their catalytic mechanisms, develop new TMD materials, and optimize the performance of catalysts to achieve more efficient and sustainable energy conversion. Additionally, it is crucial to investigate the stability and durability of TMD catalysts during long-term reactions and to develop strategies to improve their longevity. Interdisciplinary cooperation will also bring new opportunities for TMD research, integrating the advantages of different fields to achieve the transition from basic research to practical application.