Causal associations between type 2 diabetes mellitus, glycemic traits, dietary habits and the risk of pressure ulcers: univariable, bidirectional and multivariable Mendelian randomization

This study establishes a causal link between genetically predicted T2DM, FG and an increased risk of PUs. Conversely, Salad/raw vegetable intake is significantly inversely associated with PUs. Simultaneously, we identified two downstream effector factor (FG and FI) that were associated with PUs. These findings may have clinical implications for both prevention and treatment.