Synthesis of Biologically Promising Spiroheterocycles through Electrolysis

Spiroheterocycles are widely distributed among the naturally occurring bioactive compounds. Various spiroheterocycles have gained significant attention in drug design and discovery as a number of commercially available drug molecules consist of spiroheterocyclic skeletons. Many synthetic structurally diverse spiroheterocycles reported to possess a broad range of biological efficacies. A large number of methods have been reported for the synthesis of a wide variety of spiroheterocycles under conventional methods. These reported methods definitely have some merits but on many occasions suffered from some common demerits like harsh reaction conditions, longer reaction times, use of toxic organic solvents and catalysts, strong oxidizing or reducing agents etc. Involvement of electrochemically induced pathways helped a lot to overcome these drawbacks. Thus electrochemically induced methods are more environments friendly and sustainable. In this review article we have summarized a large number of recently reported electrochemically induced methods for the synthesis of structurally diverse spiroheterocycles. The plausible mechanisms of these transformations are also discussed in this review.