Subcutaneous Eyelid Dirofilariasis Masquerading as an Eyelid Tumor: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review

Subcutaneous eyelid dirofilariasis is a rare parasitic infection that can be mistaken for eyelid tumors due to its unusual presentation. In this report, we examine two cases in which patients initially presented with eyelid swellings that were initially diagnosed and treated as preseptal cellulitis in another medical facility. These patients were subsequently referred to our facility to rule out the possibility of a lid tumor. Upon further investigation, both cases were identified as subcutaneous dirofilariasis, a condition caused by the filarial nematode, <i>Dirofilaria</i> species. The diagnosis was confirmed through histopathological examination, revealing the presence of the parasite. A comprehensive review of the literature is also provided, highlighting the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic challenges, and treatment options for this uncommon condition. The cases underscore the importance of considering parasitic infections in the differential diagnosis of eyelid tumors, especially in endemic areas, to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.