syN-BEATS for robust pollutant forecasting in data-limited context

This research introduces syN-BEATS, a novel ensemble deep learning model tailored for effective pollutant forecasting under conditions of limited data availability. Based on the N-BEATS architecture, syN-BEATS integrates various configurations with differing numbers of stacks and blocks, effectively combining weak and strong learning approaches. Our experiments show that syN-BEATS outperforms standard models, especially when using Bayesian optimization to fine-tune ensemble weights. The model consistently achieves low relative root mean square errors, proving its capacity for precise pollutant forecasting despite data constraints. A key aspect of this study is the use of data from only one meteorological and one air quality monitoring station per region, simulating environments with restricted monitoring capabilities. By applying this approach in regions with diverse climates and air quality levels, we thoroughly assess the model's flexibility and resilience under different environmental conditions. The results highlight syN-BEATS' ability to support the development of effective health alert systems that can detect specific airborne pollutants, even in areas with limited monitoring infrastructure. This advancement is crucial for enhancing environmental monitoring and public health management in under-resourced areas.