Modeling refractive error populations by Weibull distribution for the minimum visual correction diopter range in XR systems

The determination of the minimum diopter correction requirements for XR systems is a critical task that necessitates a rigorous, evidence-based approach. This report offers recommendations for XR optical designers to identify the necessary diopter modulation for the target user population. The Weibull distribution is employed to model the refractive error distributions for these groups. The feasibility of this method in addressing high-order visual aberrations has been demonstrated. Comparisons are made among three demonstrated different populations (the United States, Europe, and China) to illustrate the minimum diopter requirements needed to accommodate various percentages of the population. The results of the study reveal that approximately 6 diopters are required to cover 90% of the general populations in both the United States and Europe. In contrast, the younger population in China requires an 8-diopter correction to achieve the same coverage percentage. This study not only underscores the utility of Weibull distribution in modeling refractive errors across different regional populations but also provides a compelling, evidence-based rationale for XR designers regarding the necessity of accommodating optics.