Investigation of Density, Viscosity, and Surface Tension at 293.15 K along with the Flash Point, Freezing Point, and Refractive Index at 293.15 K, and the Distillation Curve of Hydrocarbon Fuels: Experimental Measurements and Interrelationship betwee

Understanding the underlying relationship between the oil composition and properties and predicting the properties of kerosene and gasoline are crucial for its application. Density, viscosity, surface tension, freezing point, viscosity, and flash point are fundamental physical properties, but their relationships with compositional characteristics remain unclear. In this work, artificial neural networks and Shapley additive explanation analysis are applied to link the six properties with the distillation curve and refractive index, which describe the heavy, light, and average oil composition characteristics. The most important features for the density, viscosity, surface tension, flash point, and freezing point are the refractive index, 10% boiling temperature, 70% boiling temperature, initial boiling temperature, and 50% boiling temperature, respectively. Linear regression fits the density, viscosity, and flash point, while nonlinear regression fits the surface tension and freezing point. This article establishes rapid prediction models for these properties and provides a reference for revising the mixing rules and improving fuel properties.