Mechanical property and microstructure of fly ash-based geopolymer by calcium activators

Geopolymer is a green and environmentally friendly new type of gel material generated from the reaction of activators with silica-alumina raw materials, possessing extensive research and application value. Fly ash can be used as reaction material, enabling the industrial solid waste to be recycled and reused. In this paper, unconfined compressive strength test, X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared light, 29 Si nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscope and energy disperse spectroscopy, and physisorption experiment were carried out to study the effects of the type and dosage on the mechanical property and microstructure of fly ash-based geopolymer activated by calcium hydroxide, calcium sulfate and their compound. The results indicated that calcium hydroxide and calcium sulfate can promote the dissolution of fly ash crystals, providing adequate Ca 2+ for the formation of gel products. The products of calcium hydroxide and calcium sulfate activation are hydrated calcium aluminate, hydrated calcium sulfate, and ettringite, respectively. The effect of the compound activator is superior to that of single activators. With the increase of the proportion of calcium hydroxide, the reorganization and polymerization of gel products were accelerated so that the integrity and continuity of the microstructure of geopolymer were improved, and then the strength increased. When the ratio of calcium hydroxide to calcium sulfate was 3:1 and the total dosage was 20 %, the unconfined compressive strength reached the maximum value. According to this study, it was investigated that type and dosage of calcium activators had evident influence on the geopolymerization of fly ash. And the reutilization and resource utilization of fly ash waste can be achieved, which can provide an engineering theoretical basis for using fly ash-based geopolymer to alter the physical and chemical properties of special soils and achieve solidification effect.