Current state and prospects for soybean cultivation in the world and Ukraine

Scientists in different areas of Ukraine and the continent are conducting a scientific search to solve the problem of protein production, in which soybean cultivation plays an important role.The grain of this crop contains 38-42 % proteins, 25-30 % carbohydrates, 18-23 % fats, as well as enzymes, vitamins, and minerals.Soybeans are distinguished by high-quality indicators, versatile use versatility of application, and production efficiency.The national economic importance of soy products, the chemical composition of grain, and areas of use are presented.It is indicated that more than 80 % of the world production of this crop comes from Brazil, the USA and Argentina.There was an increase in the sown area by growing region in Ukraine to 1,780 thousand hectares (2023).It is noted that breeding work in our country is aimed at creating varieties with different genetic and morphological diversity, differences in the length of the growing season, and a high level of adaptation to growing conditions.It is predicted to reach an export level of 14.1 million tons and become the second importer of soybeans in the world.The purpose of the research is to substantiate the current state and prospects for soybean cultivation in the world and Ukraine, breeding developments of domestic science to create new varieties, and their biological requirements for growing conditions.The methods are based on the principles of cognition, objectivity, systematicity, consistency, complexity and multifactoriality.An analysis of literary sources was carried out and, on their basis, the national economic importance, prospects for growing soybeans in the world and Ukraine and the biological requirements of the crop were reflected.