Development of electroconductive colorless films using printing technology toward flexible electronics

The promising and remarkable qualities of graphene have piqued curiosity, making it a viable alternative to many standard materials in a variety of applications including conductive ink which used in construction of flexible electronics. Many methods have been applied to produce graphene-based conductive inks to print flexible substrates. Diverse flexible electronic devices have been reported during the last ten years. The development of graphene-based ink is discussed, focusing on the type of the graphene-like materials used in the conductive ink as well as the composition and properties of these inks. The second objective of this study is clarifying the advantages and disadvantages of graphene-based ink and comparing it with its counterparts from other electrically conductive materials like silver (Ag), gold (Au), and copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs), as well as carbon nanotubes and conducting polymers. Additionally, this work discussed graphene hybrid-based inks using various types of metallic nanoparticles to enhance the characteristics of conducting ink.