A newly identified Y chromosome gene <i>obp‐Y</i> is required for sperm storage in female <i>Zeugodacus tau</i> (Diptera: Tephritidae)

In the organisms with XX/XY sex chromosomes, Y chromosome is unique to males and plays an important role in male reproductive development. The study of Y chromosome genes will contribute to the development of pest genetic prevention and control technology. In this study, we identified 9 Y chromosome genes in Zeugodacus tau (Diptera: Tephritidae), including gene 16222. Protein structure analysis showed that 16222 was highly similar to odorant binding protein, and thus gene 16222 was named obp-Y. Obp-Y knockout (KO) significantly reduced hatching rate of offspring. Sperm detection results showed that obp-Y KO did not affect sperm number in the testes or sperm transfer during mating. We further examined the storage of sperms in females, and found that sperms in females mating with wild-type males began to transfer from spermathecal ducts to the spermathecae at hour 0 after the end of mating (AEM), and at 0-24 h AEM, the sperm count in the spermathecae gradually increased. However, no sperms were observed in spermathecae of females mating with mutant males at hours 0, 4, 8, 24 and 48 AEM. In summary, this study revealed that Y chromosome gene obp-Y was necessary for the storage of sperms in females. Our findings not only provide theoretical basis for elucidating the function of the Y chromosome, but also offer a molecular target for the genetic control over Z. tau.