Evaluating the Effectiveness of Lifestyle Modifications in Managing Hypertension Among Adults

Background: The significant risk factor for cardiovascular illnesses is hypertension. Changes in nutrition, exercise, and stress have the ability to lower blood pressure. Objectives: The purpose of this research was to assess the results of life style changes such as diet, exercise and quitting smoking etc. for control of hypertension in adults. Methodology: A prospective, randomized controlled was conducted from September 2022 till august 2023.Total 500 adults with hypertension were selected. Participants were divided into two groups, one who was taking the standard antihypertensive therapy and the other who was taking the standard therapy plus guided behaviour change counselling. The biomarkers like systolic and distolic blood pressure, weight, physical activity, salt intake and smoking were recorded initially and after 12 months of intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, involved t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables, with p≤0.05 considered significant. Results: The results showed that intervention group experienced substantial decrease in SBP (-14.2 mmHg, p<0.001) and DBP (-9.6 mmHg, p<0.001), whereas the control group experienced lower reductions (-6.4 mmHg, p<0.01) and DBP (-4.2 mmHg, p<0.01). Furthermore, 75% of patients in the intervention group met their goal blood pressure, compared to 50% in the control group (p<0.001). The intervention group had considerably greater levels of lifestyle adherence, such as physical exercise and a low-salt diet (p<0.001). Conclusion: Combining lifestyle management with traditional antihypertensive treatment considerably improves blood pressure control and lifestyle adherence, providing a comprehensive approach to hypertension management.