DIAGNÓSTICO E MONITORAMENTO DA ERITROBLASTOSE FETAL: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA

The text addresses fetal erythroblastosis, a serious condition resulting from blood incompatibility between mother and fetus, generally due to the Rh factor. Initially, the discovery of the ABO and Rh blood systems is discussed, highlighting the importance of the latter for understanding the disease. Objective: to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of fetal erythroblastosis, focusing on Rh incompatibility, thereby analyzing the impacts of fetal erythroblastosis on health of the fetus and newborn.Methods: The work is a bibliographical review where topics such as pathophysiology, diagnosis and prevention of the disease studied were researched.Conclusion: Diagnosis is essential, being done through prenatal exams, such as the Coombs test, which detects the presence of maternal antibodies against fetal antigens. Treatment includes administration of anti-Rh immunoglobulin to prevent the mother’s sensitization to the baby’s Rh factor. Prevention also involves the administration of this immunoglobulin during pregnancy and after birth, if necessary, to avoid future complications and ensure the baby’s safety.