Surgical treatment of non-controversial ruptures of the tendons of the rotational cuff of the shoulder joint. Review of literature

Numerous anatomical studies have shown that degenerative changes (including full-layer or partial ruptures) of the shoulder muscle at the place of its attachment on the humerus head occur in almost 100 % of patients aged 60 years. A massive rupture of tendons of the rotational cuff is considered if the full-layer gap affects two or more tendons of the cuffs. At the same time, during surgical treatment, the complete anatomical restoration of the massive rupture of the rotational cuff of the shoulder joint is sharply limited by degenerative changes in the muscle and tendon tissues, which allows the term“irreducible rupture”to apply to such damage. Massive non-controversial ruptures of the tendons of the rotational cuff are accompanied by a pronounced restriction of the function of the upper limb, are a common cause of pain, create prerequisites for the development and rapid progression of post-traumatic arthrosis of the shoulder joint, which significantly worsens the quality of life. At the present stage of the development of the shoulder joint surgery, a large number of methods of surgical treatment of massive non - contrast ruptures of the rotational cuff of the shoulder joint have been developed. However, despite the many technologies used, there is no universally recognized optimal surgical tactics of treating massive non -contributable ruptures of the rotational cuff of the shoulder joint, and the problem of further improvement of the treatment of such patients remains relevant.