Fuzzy Logic-based Current Control Logic for Proportional Flow Control Valve System of Medical Ventilators

The critical control parameters in ventilators that provide life support to patients are the flow of air and oxygen. Ventilators typically use Proportional Flow Control Valves (PFCV) and flow sensors to achieve precise flow accuracy. Maintaining accurate flow from the PFCV is essential to minimize the thrust exerted on the patient's lungs. Fuzzy logic is particularly well-suited for this task, as it effectively captures the subjective human judgments often required in clinical settings. This study aimed to develop a fuzzy logic algorithm to control pressure support ventilation. The research describes the fuzzy logic algorithm and presents experimental studies that evaluated the flow accuracy of a commercially used PFCV in ventilators. Additionally, the reduction in output flow due to thermal effects was investigated. A correlation between the solenoid coil current (measured as voltage across the coil) and the actual output flow through the PFCV was experimentally established using a current sensing circuit. Based on the characteristic curves obtained from the test setup, a Fuzzy Logic system was developed to minimize the error in the PFCV's flow. The implementation of PFCV using this Fuzzy Logic-based current control approach demonstrated a significant reduction in error, from 10% to 3%, in airflow delivery across its operating range, with additional sample results discussed. This reduction in flow error is crucial for assessing the suitability of PFCVs in infant ventilators. The described methodology can be experimentally applied to any PFCV variant before its use in medical ventilator applications to enhance delivered flow accuracy.