Impact of Cannabis Use on the Length of Hospitalization of Schizophrenic Patients

Background: Cannabis is the most widely used illicit substance worldwide, with its prevalence increasing notably among individuals with schizophrenia. This population of patients often require multiple and prolonged hospitalizations for optimal symptom control. Previous studies have suggested an association between cannabis use and prolonged hospitalization, but this link has not been explored in the Moroccan population. Objective: This study aims to explore the association between cannabis use and the length of hospitalization in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study on a cohort of 135 schizophrenic patients hospitalized at Ar-razi Psychiatric Hospital in Salé between July 2023 and February 2024. The sample was divided into two groups: cannabis users (60%) and non-users (40%). The length of hospitalization was compared in univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: The mean hospitalization duration was significantly longer for cannabis users (56.4 ± 22.3 days) compared to non-users (33.5 ± 14.2 days) (p < 0.001). A univariate regression model revealed that cannabis use was associated with a 25-day prolongation in hospital stay (OR: 24.8, 95% CI: 17.5 – 32.2, p < 0.001). Other socio-demographic factors did not show a notable effect on hospitalization duration. Conclusion: Cannabis use may be a significant factor in prolonging hospitalization in patients with schizophrenia. Further studies with larger samples and objective assessments of cannabis use, are recommended.