IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO EVALUATION OF ROOT AND LEAF EXTRACTS OF CROTALARIA PALLIDA AITON FOR ANTIUROLITHIATIC PROPERTIES IN GENTAMYCIN INDUCED UROLITHIASIS MODEL

Background: Kidney Stone is a conglomeration of solid deposits of salts and minerals leading to accumulation in renal system.C. pallida is a significant medicinal herb with antiurolithaitic action.Nevertheless, no in-vitro and in-vivo studies were identified to bolster the proposed theory.Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the phytochemistry of C. pallida and assess its in-vitro and in-vivo antiurolithiatic efficacy in gentamycin induced model.Methods: Acute toxicity studies for Methanolic and Ethanolic extract of Roots and Leaves was conducted according to OECD guideline 420 using Wistar albino rats.The inhibitory activity of the extracts on the nucleation of Calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals was determined by a spectrophotometric assay.Ethanolic and methanolic root and leaf extracts of crotalaria pallida was treated to animals who were given with gentamycin 40mg/kg sc for 1-8 days and calculi producing diet from 1-15 days.Urine parameters such as urea, uric acid, oxalate etc were measured.Results: There were no signs of toxicity in the initial investigation on a single rat given a dosage of 2000 mg/kg of methanolic and ethanolic root and leaf extracts.The maximum % inhibition observed was 70.11% at 1000mg/mL of methanolic root extract concentration, followed by ethanolic leaf extract had 68.91% inhibition at 1000mg/mL concentration.All the