DESIGN OF LANDFILLS AND THE UTILIZATION OF WASTES AS SUSTAINABLE LINER MATERIALS: A MINI-REVIEW

Modern landfills, designed to minimize environmental and health risks, play a crucial role in solid waste disposal. Poorly managed municipal solid waste facilities have severe environmental consequences, prompting intervention and remediation. Landfill construction is not enough; regular maintenance is essential to prevent harm. Landfills' historical evolution reflects societal needs, technological advancements, and environmental awareness. The 20th century saw engineered landfills with practices like compaction, daily covering, and leachate collection. Despite progress in recycling and incineration, landfills remain dominant, posing challenges like methane emissions, leachate contamination, and land use. Research emphasizes integrating landfills with recycling, composting, and waste-to-energy technologies for a sustainable future. Engineered landfills are advantageous over dumpsites, in terms of groundwater and air protection, odor control, energy generation, and job creation. Seismic analysis of landfills addresses deformation and seismic reactivity, emphasizing proper liner construction to reduce seismic impact. Leachate, a potential environmental hazard, requires careful management with effective liners to prevent groundwater and soil pollution. Various materials, including fly ash, paper mill sludge, waste foundry sand, recycled concrete aggregate, rice husk ash, and plastic waste, are reviewed for landfill liners. Research shows these materials can offer effective barriers, reducing environmental impact and promoting sustainability. Future studies should continue exploring alternative materials, considering factors like strength, hydraulic conductivity, and environmental protection.