Association of Sleep Duration and BMI with Periodontitis in Nurses Working in Day and Night Shifts and Its Impact on Co-morbidities

Background: Gender imbalances persist in high-ranking leadership roles, particularly in Aim: To evaluate the association between duration of Sleep and Body-Mass Index (BMI) as potential risk factors with Periodontitis and other co morbidities in duty nurses. Methodology: An observational study was carried out on 42 duty nurses working in hospital. Two Questionnaires (PSQI) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and (ESS) Epworth-Sleepiness Scale were subjectively filled. Study was conducted in 2 phases in the same duty nurses. Phase 1 Duty nurses in morning shift underwent evaluation for periodontal health, BMI and Waist -Hip ratio was recorded. Blood Samples were drawn for analysis of C-Reactive protein, lipid profile and Fasting Blood Sugar. Participants were asked to maintain sleep diary for 6 months. Phase 2: Same Duty Nurses working in Night Shift after 6 months of sleep diary maintenance underwent evaluation of same parameters as phase 1. All-the data were tabulated and sent for statistical-analysis. Results: The result showed that, the association of duration of sleep to Periodontitis was statistically significant in the morning-shift and night-shift (p=0.001), although association of Body Mass Index to periodontitis was statistically significant in the night shift with p value=0.001 than in the morning-shift. The association of Plaque Index and Gingival-Index with duration of sleep and BMI was statistically significant. The parameters taken to study the co-morbidities showed statistical significant difference between the two shifts except WHR ratio, LDL, HDL, Triglyceride, Plaque index. Conclusion: There is an association of Duration of Sleep and Body Mass Index as a potential risk factor for periodontitis and other co-morbidities (Cardiovascular disease and Diabetes) in duty nurses, however the association is much stronger in duty nurses working in night shift than morning shift.