Synergizing workplace spirituality: fostering happiness, hardiness and psychological well-being in organizations

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of workplace spirituality on psychological well-being (PWB). In addition, this study investigates the mediating role of workplace happiness and explores how psychological hardiness moderates the relationship between spirituality and PWB. Design/methodology/approach This study used a two-wave, self-reported quantitative approach focusing on millennials. Data were gathered from 416 participants through structured questionnaires. Regression analysis and bootstrapping techniques were used to investigate the moderated mediation models. Findings The bootstrapped 95% confidence interval for the indirect effects did not include zero, indicating that workplace happiness mediates the relationship between workplace spirituality and PWB. Furthermore, the moderated mediation model revealed that happiness also mediates the relationship between spirituality and PWB, particularly when millennials exhibit low levels of psychological hardiness. Research limitations/implications As millennials make up a significant portion of today's workforce, tapping into the inner resource of spirituality can enhance PWB. Individuals with happy, resilient, clear and receptive minds are more inclined toward achieving well-being. Originality/value This study explores the emerging concepts of workplace spirituality, PWB, workplace happiness and psychological hardiness, focusing specifically on their impact on the well-being of millennials in the workplace, an area that has been relatively under-researched.