Isolated Aneurysms of the Great Saphenous Vein: A Case Series and Review of the Literature

Great saphenous vein aneurysms (GSVA) represent a rare yet clinically significant condition, often misdiagnosed due to their infrequent presentation and resemblance to more common inguinal pathologies. This case series examines five instances of GSVA, emphasizing the diagnostic challenges, surgical interventions, and postoperative outcomes. Patients presented with varying symptoms, including groin masses and lower extremity pain, which were initially misattributed to other conditions. Imaging techniques, primarily venous duplex ultrasound, played a crucial role in identifying the aneurysms and guiding surgical planning. Surgical treatment, including aneurysm excision and ligation, was performed in all cases, with most patients experiencing uncomplicated postoperative courses. However, the risk of recurrence and thromboembolic events, such as pulmonary embolism, remains a concern, particularly in cases involving more proximal aneurysms near the deep venous system. Despite the success of surgical intervention, there is no consensus on the management of asymptomatic GSVA, nor are there standardized treatment guidelines. This case series highlights the need for heightened awareness among clinicians regarding GSVA, the importance of accurate diagnosis, and the consideration of prompt surgical treatment to prevent severe complications. Further research is needed to establish clear guidelines for managing both symptomatic and asymptomatic GSVA, particularly in relation to thromboembolic risk.