Impact of Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure on Cardiovascular Health Outcomes

Background: One well-known risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) disease that significantly raises morbidity and mortality rates globally is hypertension. Optimising treatment options requires an understanding of the distinct effects of diastolic and systolic blood pressure on CV outcomes. The study aims to examine into how the effects of both systolic hypertension (SH) and diastolic hypertension (DH) affected the frequency of major CV events, such as hemorrhagic, ischemic, and myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: A retrospective cohort research comprising 180 patients was carried out, with automated oscillometric cuffs being used to measure blood pressure. The burdens of SH and DH, which were determined as continuous variables from weighted average blood pressure, were the main predictors. A composite of ischemic stroke, MI, or hemorrhagic stroke was the main result. Logistic regression and bivariate and multivariable Cox survival analyses were included in the statistical studies. Results: The study population had average age of 65.4 years, with 52% males and 48% females. During the observation period, 45 composite outcome events occurred (25% incidence rate). Bivariate Cox analysis showed significant associations between SH burden (HR: 1.45, p<0.001) and diastolic hypertension burden (HR: 1.30, p=0.015) with the composite outcome. Multivariable analysis confirmed these associations, with consistent findings in logistic regression models. Conclusion: Both SH and DH burdens are significant predictors of adverse CV outcomes. Effective management of both blood pressure components is essential for reducing the risk of ischemic stroke, MI, and hemorrhagic stroke. Recommendations: To lower the risk of significant CV events, clinicians should monitor and treat both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in individuals with hypertension. Subsequent studies ought to investigate the underlying mechanisms of these correlations and assess the effectiveness of focused interventions. Keywords: Hypertension, Cardiovascular Outcomes, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Systolic Blood Pressure.