Oral Plexiform Neurofibroma Involving the Buccal Mucosa: A Case Report

Oral plexiform neurofibroma is a benign tumor of the peripheral nerves. It shows multiple nerve bundles with a "plexus" appearance, creating a "bag of worms" texture. They carry higher recurrences and an increased risk of malignant transformation. We present a case of a young male with an oral plexiform neurofibroma in the buccal mucosa. The patient was advised to do a full-body examination to rule out neurofibromatosis. Although surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment for oral plexiform neurofibromas, the recurrence rate could be high. The present case report aims to explore the potential mechanisms underlying recurrences even after what is considered a complete surgical removal. The involvement of critical anatomical structures may limit the extent of excision. Understanding the exact pathogenesis of recurrence is essential for improving surgical outcomes and developing more effective management.