A Final Study: The Role of Plastic-Modified Bitumen in Enhancing Durability and Sustainability in Road Construction

Abstract: This study systematically evaluates the influence of integrating varying percentages of plastic waste into bitumen on the mechanical properties and performance characteristics of bituminous pavements. Experimental results indicate that the incorporation of plastic waste enhances the performance of bitumen up to an optimal threshold of 8% by weight; exceeding this concentration results in negligible improvements or deterioration in performance. Rigorous laboratory assessments, including Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) analyses, demonstrate that plastic-modified bitumen exhibits a significantly elevated complex modulus (G*) and a reduced phase angle (δ) in comparison to unmodified bitumen, with the 8% modification yielding the most favourable outcomes. Enhanced Marshall Stability, improved flow values, reduced penetration, and increased softening points further signify superior resistance to load and thermal variations. The elevated viscosity of plastic-modified bitumen contributes to enhanced pavement strength and durability. Future investigations should encompass additional evaluations, such as ductility, elastic recovery, and flash/fire point tests utilizing the wet process, alongside an exploration of the dry process involving the coating of aggregates with shredded plastic. The findings substantiate that the incorporation of plastic waste into bitumen not only augments pavement performance but also presents a viable eco-friendly solution for plastic waste management, thereby fostering sustainable construction methodologies. The findings confirm that using plastic waste in bitumen improves pavement quality and offers an eco-friendly solution for plastic waste management, promoting sustainable construction practices.