Multidrug resistant gram-negative bacteria in surgical site infection of cancer patients: a cause of concern

Background: A number of variables contribute to the high frequency of surgical site infections (SSI) in cancer patients and the presence of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria in SSI’s exacerbates the condition. MDR in cancer patients exacerbates SSI problems like extended hospital stays, higher costs and more challenging treatment of these organism, which lowers survival. This study was done to identify antibiotic and microbial resistance in pus samples obtained from post operative SSI cases of cancer patients so that empirical treatment could be started in cancer patients. Methods: The study was carried out in the department of microbiology, Government Cancer Hospital during the period from January 2022 to December 2022. A total 82 pus samples were collected and processed for culture, identification as per standard recommended procedures and antibiotic susceptibility testing were carried out on isolates as per clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: A total of 82 specimens were cultured. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii, were most commonly encountered. A high level of resistance to various antibiotics was noted among Gram negative bacteria. Conclusions: The current investigation demonstrated microbiological profile in cancer patients. There exists an unmet need for surveillance of MDR bacteria, as well as for the implementation of effective antimicrobial regimens and antibiotic stewardship programs.