The state of the ocean in the northeastern Atlantic and adjacent seas

Abstract. In this paper, the Copernicus Ocean State Report offers detailed scientific analysis of the ocean under climate change, ocean variability, and ocean extremes in the northeastern Atlantic and adjacent seas. Major results show that the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas have experienced consistent warming, with sea surface temperatures increasing at a rate of 0.25 ± 0.03 °C per decade since 1982, doubling the global average trend. This warming is most pronounced in the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and Baltic Sea. Sea levels have risen significantly over the past 30 years, particularly in the Baltic and Mediterranean seas. Ocean acidification has also increased, with pH decreasing at a rate of −0.017 ± 0.001 units per decade. Marine heatwaves have intensified and expanded, affecting over 60 % of the region in 2022 and 2023. Over the past 16 years, most extreme wind speeds exceeding 22 m s−1 prevailed in the central and subpolar North Atlantic and northern Mediterranean Sea. The region has also seen significant variability in ocean climate indicators and circulation patterns, including increased Atlantic Water transport to the Arctic Ocean through the Fram Strait and notable variations in the Mediterranean Sea's meridional overturning circulation. No major Baltic inflow occurred in winter 2022/23.

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Publication Details

Journal
State of the Planet
Published
2024-09-30
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-4-osr8-2-2024
Citations
6
Primary Topic
Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
2.88
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article

The state of the ocean in the northeastern Atlantic and adjacent seas

Andrea Pisano, Pierre Veillard, Marie Drévillon, Ilja Maljutenko et al.
6 citations
State of the Planet
Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
2.88
article

The state of the ocean in the northeastern Atlantic and adjacent seas

Andrea Pisano, Pierre Veillard, Marie Drévillon, Ilja Maljutenko, Leonardo Lima, Lorena Moreira, Daniele Ciani, Ioanna Karagali, Ad Stoffelen, Marion Gehlen, Rianne Giesen, Emanuela Clementi, Pietro Miraglio, Roshin Pappukutty Raj, Chunxue Yang, Kevin I. Hodges, Simon Van Gennip, Helen E. Morrison, Andrea Cipollone, Gianpiero Cossarini, Simon Jandt-Scheelke, Ali Aydoğdu, Vincenzo de Toma, Eric Jansen, Emmanuelle Autret, Álvaro de Pascual-Collar, Priidik Lagemaa, Simona Masina, Claudia Fanelli, Vidar S. Lien, Ronan McAdam, Urmas Raudsepp, Tabea R. Panteleit, Flora Gues, Lluis Castrillo, Marie–Isabelle Pujol, Karina von Schuckmann, Mathilde Cancet, Mélanie Juza, Vladyslav Lyubartsev
article en
6 citations

Abstract

Abstract. In this paper, the Copernicus Ocean State Report offers detailed scientific analysis of the ocean under climate change, ocean variability, and ocean extremes in the northeastern Atlantic and adjacent seas. Major results show that the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas have experienced consistent warming, with sea surface temperatures increasing at a rate of 0.25 ± 0.03 °C per decade since 1982, doubling the global average trend. This warming is most pronounced in the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and Baltic Sea. Sea levels have risen significantly over the past 30 years, particularly in the Baltic and Mediterranean seas. Ocean acidification has also increased, with pH decreasing at a rate of −0.017 ± 0.001 units per decade. Marine heatwaves have intensified and expanded, affecting over 60 % of the region in 2022 and 2023. Over the past 16 years, most extreme wind speeds exceeding 22 m s−1 prevailed in the central and subpolar North Atlantic and northern Mediterranean Sea. The region has also seen significant variability in ocean climate indicators and circulation patterns, including increased Atlantic Water transport to the Arctic Ocean through the Fram Strait and notable variations in the Mediterranean Sea's meridional overturning circulation. No major Baltic inflow occurred in winter 2022/23.

State of the PlanetVol. 4-osr8
Tallinn University of Technology (EE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (NL), Ifremer (FR), Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (NO), Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency of Germany (DE), Norwegian Institute of Marine Research (NO), Danish Meteorological Institute (DK), Collecte Localisation Satellites (France) (FR), CMCC Foundation - Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (IT), Laboratoire d’Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (FR), Istituto di Scienze Marine del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IT), Institute of Structure of Matter (IT), Mercator Ocean (France) (FR), Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System (ES), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (FR), National Research Council (IT), National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (IT), Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center (NO), University of Reading (GB)
Openalex Percentile: Top 10%
Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
2.88
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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