The Relationship between Serum Calcium Levels and Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between serum calcium levels and the angiographic severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). Methodology: We conducted an observational study at the Department of Cardiology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, from January 2022 to December 2022, including 150 patients diagnosed with CCS. Serum calcium levels were measured using a colorimetric method, and the severity of CAD was assessed using the SYNTAX score derived from coronary angiography. Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multivariate logistic regression to account for potential confounding factors such as age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Results: The analysis revealed a low negative correlation between serum calcium levels and SYNTAX scores (correlation coefficient: -0.13). Age emerged as a significant predictor of CAD severity (p<0.001), whereas serum calcium levels did not demonstrate an independent effect on CAD severity (p=0.24). After adjusting for confounding variables, no substantial correlation between serum calcium levels and SYNTAX scores was observed. Conclusion: While serum calcium levels were not independent predictors of CAD severity after adjusting for other risk factors, a weak negative correlation was observed. Age remained a crucial factor influencing CAD severity. These findings suggest that serum calcium levels alone are insufficient for CAD risk classification but may provide additional value when used in conjunction with other diagnostic methods.