Understanding and minimizing viewing-angle-dependent color shifts in OLEDs

An optimization scheme to minimize angular color shifts in OLEDs is developed using a combination of optical simulations and experimental measurements of device performance. This minimization does not compromise other critical device operation parameters, such as efficiency and the angular intensity profile. By considering both bottom- and top-emitting OLEDs, this study utilizes strong feedback between simulation and experiment to identify stack architectures that have a minimum color change with viewing angle while still maintaining high power efficiency.